Leeward: The Direction Away from the Wind
Definition:
Leeward (pronounced loo-ard) refers to the direction away from the wind. It is the opposite of windward, which means “toward the wind.” The leeward side of a boat, sail, or object is the side sheltered from the wind’s direct force.
Understanding Leeward
When the wind blows across the water, everything on a sailing boat has a windward and a leeward side. The windward side faces the oncoming wind, while the leeward side lies in its shadow.
For example, when the wind is blowing from starboard (the right-hand side of the boat), the port side becomes the leeward side. Sailors use these terms constantly to describe manoeuvres, sail trim, and the positions of other boats, especially in racing situations where the “leeward boat” often has right of way.
Applications in Sailing
Sail Trim:
The leeward side of the sail is the one that develops lift and power as wind flows over it. Adjusting sail shape to optimise airflow over the leeward surface is essential for speed and efficiency.
Boat Handling:
Understanding leeward helps in balancing the boat. Weight is often shifted to windward to counter the heeling force that pushes the hull leeward.
Racing Rules:
In sailing races, the leeward boat (the boat furthest from the wind) usually has right of way over a windward boat when both are on the same tack.
Anchoring or Mooring:
Boats anchor or come alongside on the leeward side to provide shelter from the wind and waves.
Examples of Usage
"The boat heeled to leeward as the wind filled the sails."
"Always approach the dock from the leeward side so the wind holds you steady."
"The leeward mark is the one you round before heading back upwind on the next leg."
Visual Representation
Image Description:
Diagram showing a sailboat viewed from above with an arrow indicating the wind direction. The side of the boat facing the wind is labelled windward, and the opposite side (sheltered from the wind) is labelled leeward. The sails are shown filled, with airflow curving over the leeward side to create lift.
I mportance in Sailing
Understanding leeward is fundamental to all aspects of sailing — from setting sails and steering a course to maintaining safety.
It helps sailors predict how wind will affect boat movement and balance.
It guides how to trim sails for maximum performance.
It determines tactical decisions, especially during tacking, overtaking, or racing.
Misjudging the leeward side can result in poor sail trim, loss of speed, or even collisions in close-quarters sailing.
Related Terms
Windward:
The direction from which the wind is blowing.
Tack:
The side of the boat from which the wind is coming (port tack or starboard tack).
Heel:
The leaning of a boat to leeward caused by wind pressure on the sails.
Lift:
The aerodynamic force generated on the leeward side of a sail.
Luff:
The forward edge of a sail, nearest the wind.
Conclusion
Leeward describes more than just a direction — it’s a core sailing concept. Knowing which side is leeward determines how to balance the boat, trim the sails, and position yourself safely on the water. Whether racing around marks or cruising upriver, every sailor needs to know their leeward from their windward.
